Liana L Guarneiri, Carol F Kirkpatrick, Kevin C Maki

More than 40% of adults in the United States have obesity, which is an independent risk factor for cardiometabolic dysfunction and several chronic diseases, including atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Interventions for obesity include lifestyle modification, pharmacotherapy, and metabolic surgery.

Emily J Dhurandhar, Kevin C Maki, Nikhil V Dhurandhar, Theodore K Kyle, Sydney Yurkow, Misty A W Hawkins, Jon Agley, Emily H Ho, Lawrence J Cheskin, Thorkild I A Sørensen, Xi Rita Wang, David B Allison

The term food noise has been recently popularized by individuals managing their weight or adhering to specific diets for health reasons. Anecdotal evidence from patients and clinical observations suggests that food noise involves constant preoccupation with food-related decisions-such as which foods to eat, caloric intake, macronutrient balance, and meal timing-which can become intrusive and unpleasant.

Stephen J French, Mitchell Kanter, Kevin C Maki, Bret M Rust, David B Allison 

High-protein (HP) diets and protein-supplemented foods and beverages have become increasingly popular in adults due to potential benefits relating to appetite, energy intake, body weight, and body composition, and questions have been posed regarding whether current dietary recommendations for protein are too low.

Kevin C Maki, Carol F Kirkpatrick, Mary Katherine Cheeley, Terry A Jacobson

Statins are first-line pharmacotherapy for the treatment of elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and are generally well-tolerated. However, some patients may experience statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS). This paper reviews recommendations for identification and management of patients with SAMS.

Kristina S Petersen, Kevin C Maki, Philip C Calder, Martha A Belury, Mark Messina, Carol F Kirkpatrick, William S Harris

Epidemiological and clinical trial evidence indicates that n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake is cardioprotective. Nevertheless, claims that n-6 PUFA intake promotes inflammation and oxidative stress prevail.

Penny M Kris-Etherton, Kristina S Petersen, Benoit LaMarche, Wahida Karmally, John R Guyton, Catherine Champagne, Alice H Lichtenstein,  George A Bray, Frank M Sacks, Kevin C Maki

Dietary guidance is based on a robust evidence base including high-quality clinical trials, of which some have been designed to establish causal relationships between dietary interventions and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk reduction.

Mary R Dicklin Joshua C Anthony, Barbara L Winters, Kevin C Maki

There is an increasing body of evidence supporting a link between low intakes of ω-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) and numerous diseases and health conditions. However, few people are achieving the levels of fish/seafood or eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid intake recommended in national and international guidelines. Knowledge of a person's ω-3 LCPUFA status will benefit the interpretation of research results and could be expected to lead to an increased effort to increase intake.

Carol F Kirkpatrick, Kaye-Eileen Willard, Kevin C Maki

Very-low-carbohydrate (VLC) and ketogenic diets (KDs) have been used for weight loss and more recently in patients with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The impact of VLC and KDs on lipids/lipoproteins is a concern. The purpose of this review is to discuss the impact of KDs on body weight and lipids/lipoproteins.